Unit 3 Going places

同步教学

主讲人:黄冈中学教师 李文宏

一、一周知识概述

(一)重点单词和词组

  1、consider vt. 考虑;照顾;认为

   (1)Before you decide to leave your job, consider the effect it will
      have on your family.

      你在决定辞职以前,应考虑到这会对你的家庭造成的影响。

   (2)I'm considering changing my job. (consider doing sth. 考虑做……)

      我在考虑转换工作。

   (3)He is considering when to go to the South.(consider+疑问词+不定式
      考虑……)

      他在考虑什么时候去南方。

   (4)Do you consider her(to be)suitable for the job?(consider+n.+
      (to be)+adj.认为……)

      你认为她做这个工作合适吗?

   (5)He is considered to have invented the computer.(consider+n.+to
      do sth. 认为……)

      人们认为他发明了电脑。

   (6)I consider it important to have a good knowledge of English.
      (consider it+adj. /n.+to do 认为……)

      我认为掌握好英语很重要。

  2、means n.手段;方法

   The quickest means of travel is by plane.

    最快的交通工具是飞机。

   All the possible means have been tried.

    已采取了所有的手段。

   注意:means单复数同形,由句意判断means的单数、复数形式。

   搭配by means of 应用;使用

   (1)We expressed our thoughts by means of words.

      我们用词句来表达思想。

   (2)They made their fortune by means of working hard.

      他们靠勤劳发家致富。

  3、experience vt. 体验;经历 n. 经验;体验;经历

   (1)I experienced great difficulty in getting a visa to leave the country.

      我申请出国签证经历了很大的困难。

   (2)Our country has experienced great changes in the last 30 years.

      在过去三十年里,我们国家经历了巨大的变化。

   (3)How many years' experience do you have of teaching English?

      你教英语有多少年(经验)?(作“经验”讲,experience是不可数名词)

   (4)Our journey by camel was quite an experience.

      我们骑骆驼旅行真是一次难忘的经历。(作“经历”讲,experience是可数
      名词)

  4、simply adv. 简单地;简易地;朴素地;清楚地;仅仅;只不过

   (1)On her small income they live very simply.

      他们靠微薄的收入过着非常简朴的生活。

   (2)I don't like driving, I do it simply because I have to get to work
      each day.

     我不喜欢开车,而我之所以开车只是因为我每天必须到工作地点上班。

  5、get away(from) 逃离

   (1)The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.

      小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。

   (2)I caught a really big fish but it got away.

      我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。

  6、vacation n. 假期;休假

   (1)They're in Florida on vacation.

      他们正佛罗里达度假。

   (2)The library is closed during the college vacation.

      学院放假期间,图书馆不开放。

   vacation / holiday / leave

   

   (1)We're going to France during the summer holidays(vacation).

      暑假期间我们将去法国。

   (2)on holiday(=on vacation)度假

   (3)take a holiday(= take a vacation)休假

   (4)ask for sick leave 请病假

  7、tip n.(c)有用的意见;劝告;告诫;小费

   (1)The manual is full of useful tips.

      这本手册里有很多实用的小建议。

   (2)Take my tip and keep well away from that place.

      听我的劝告,离那个地方远远的。

   (3)Shall I leave a tip for the taxi driver?

      我要给出租司机留点小费吗?

  8、watch out (for)注意;留心

   (1)Watch out! There is a car coming.

      小心!汽车来了。

   (2)Watch out for the hole in the road.

      留神路上的那个坑。

   (3)The staff were asked to watch out for forged banknotes.

      已经要求职员留意伪钞。

  9、normal n.(U)常态;正常;标准

    adj. 正常的;正规的;标准的

    (1)Her temperature is above(below)normal.

       她的体温高于(低于)正常标准。

    (2)Things have returned to normal. 事情已恢复常态。

    (3)the normal temperature of the human body 人们的正常温度

    (4)the normal time (place / method/ position)

       通常的时间(地点/方法/位置)

    (5)normal behaviour (thinking/ views) 正常的行为(思想/观点)

  10、handle vt. 操作;处理 n.柄;把手

    (1)An officer must know how to handle his men.

       当军官的应懂得怎样统率士兵。

    (2)Wash your hands before you handle food.

       洗完手再拿食物。

    (3)This port handles 100 million tons of cargo each year.

       这个港口每年货物吞吐量达1亿吨。

  11、separate adj. 单独的;各自的;分开的 vt.分开;隔离

    (1)The children sleep in separate beds.

       孩子们睡在各自的床上。

    (2)We are good friends and can't be separated.

       我们是好朋友,因此是拆不散的。

    (3)The friends separated at the crossroads.

       朋友们在十字路口分手了。

    

    (1)Violent prisoners are kept separate from the others.

       有暴力行为的囚犯隔离囚禁。

    (2)The branch has separated from the trunk of the tree.

       这个树枝已从树干上脱落。

    (3)The patient should be separated from the others.

       这个病人应该隔离。

    (4)The children were separated into groups for the game.

       那些儿童分成小组做游戏。

  12、combine v.(使)联合;(使)结合

    

    (1)We cant' always combine work with pleasure.

       我们不能永远在工作中享受乐趣。

    (2)Combine the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.

       把鸡蛋和少量面粉调匀,用文火加热。

  13、see sb. off 给某人送行

    Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.

    明天我到火车站给朋友送行。

  14、on the other hand 另一方面(用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,常说on
    the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面)

     I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I
   don't have to work long hours.

    我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。

  15、as well as sb (sth)而且

    He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.

    她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。

(二)重难句理解

  1、How would you like to go to the following places, by boat, by air or
    by bus?

   你愿意以什么方式到下面的位置,坐船,乘飞机或坐公共汽车?

   how意为“in what way or by what means”,又如:

   How can I get to Cambridge?

   请告诉我到剑桥该怎么走?

     by boat (by air, by bus)等短语中,不能加冠词,若加冠词,则常用in a
   boat(a plane), on a bus。表“乘坐”的动词是take,如:take a boat (bus,
   taxi…),但“登机”常用board。

  2、Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the
    beach, you may want to try hiking.

   你可能想远足,而不是在公共汽车上,在旅馆里或在海滨度过你的假期。

   instead of 为介词短语,意为“作为某人(事物)的替换”。

   ① Let's play cards instead of watching television.

     咱们玩纸牌吧,别看电视了。

   ②We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.

    我们有时候吃大米,不吃土豆。

   instead adv. 代替;更换

   It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.

   (=It will take days by car, so let's fly instead of by car.)

    开车去要好几天呢,咱们还是坐飞机去吧。

  3、(1)Tell someone where you are going and when you will return.

      告诉某人你要去哪里,你什么时候返回。

    (2)It is done on rivers and streams where the water moves quickly.

      那在水流很急的河中或溪流中完成。

     (1)句中的where引导状语从句;(2)句中的where为关系副词,引导定语
    从句;rivers and streams 为先行词。此时where 相当于in which。

  4、Eco-tourists want to learn about the world so that they can make it
    better, or at least understand it better.

    生态游客想了解世界以使世界变得更好或至少能较好地理解它。

   (1)so that引导目的状语从句,从句中的谓语动词前常带may, might, can, could
      等情态动词。

      We started early so that we could catch the early bus.

      我们起早,为了能够赶上早班车。

   (2)at least(表程度)至少;起码;无论如何;不管怎样;反正

     (表数量)至少(not less than)

     The food wasn't good, but at least it was cheap.

     这些食品不怎么好,但起码是很便宜的。

     He left last Tuesday-at least, I think.

     上星期二他离开了,起码我认为他已经走。

     It costs at least £5.

     它至少值五英镑。

(三)语法

  现在进行时表将来的动作

  现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。

  (1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。

  (2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。

    He is reading a novel.

     他在看小说。

    The train is arriving soon.

     火车就要进站了。

  (3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。

  (4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。

    What are you doing next Friday?

     下星期五你们打算干什么?

    The plane takes off at 7︰30 tonight.

     飞机今晚七点半起飞。

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